On a global scale, the construction and building sectors are responsible for about 10% to 28% of greenhouse gas emissions, and about 5% to 30% of final energy consumption. The construction footprint is mainly attributed to concrete, which heavily uses carbonates and releases the residual CO2 into the atmosphere. That of buildings is mainly due to their phase of use.
Building materials are therefore another area in which we can play a major role in reducing resource consumption and the climate footprint of human activity. It is a question of making buildings more efficient in their management, but also in their production, of heat on the one hand, and energy on the other.
It is throughout the life cycle of a built system (building, infrastructure, etc.) that materials can help reduce its environmental impact: use of natural resources, construction proper (material, processes), use, maintenance and end of life. To do this, we need to optimize the performance and lifespan of these materials, produce them locally, in a biosourced way. Reuse or recycling, or responsible management of end-of-life waste, is also essential.
In this area, the three major challenges that the DIM aims to address are:
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